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GLOSSARY OF TERMS

EOT; } function list_termS($col1a,$col1b=' ',$col2=' ') { if ($col1a != '') { echo << EOT; } } function list_termP($col1a,$col1b=' ',$col1c='',$col1d='',$col1e='',$col2=' ') { if ($col1a != '') { echo << EOT; } } // preparer_lien('for more details…','++http://www.animaracio.com/ipsw2006'); $id_west = Ecrire_lien_popup('westwood', 'D. Westwood'); $id_slob = Ecrire_lien_popup('slobodnik', 'J. Slobodnik'); $id_loos = Ecrire_lien_popup('loos', 'R. Loos'); $id_hanke = Ecrire_lien_popup('hanke', 'G Hanke'); $id_lepom = Ecrire_lien_popup('lepom', 'P Lepom'); $id_cofrac = preparer_lien('COFRAC','++http://www.cofrac.fr'); $id_iso = preparer_lien('ISO','++http://www.iso.org'); $id_isoiec = preparer_lien('ISO/IEC','++http://www.standardsinfo.net'); $id_eea = preparer_lien('EEA','++http://www.eea.europa.eu'); $id_epa = preparer_lien('EPA','++http://www.epa.gov/'); $id_brgm = preparer_lien('BRGM','++http://www.brgm.fr'); $id_ukea = preparer_lien('UKEA','++http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/'); $id_iupac = preparer_lien('IUPAC','++http://www.iupac.org'); $id_aoac = preparer_lien('AOAC','++http://www.aoac.org/'); $id_pvmc = preparer_lien('PVMC','++http://www.pvmc.net/'); $id_ineris = preparer_lien('INERIS','++http://www.ineris.fr'); $id_swift = preparer_lien('SWIFT','++http://www.swift-wfd.com'); $id_nata = preparer_lien('NATA','++http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/nata/'); list_alpha('A'); // ************* $col1b = <<

a theoretical or established value, based on scientific principles;

an assigned or certified value, based on experimental work of some national or international organisation

a consensus or certified value, based on collaborative experimental work under the auspices of a scientific or engineering group

EOT; $col1d = << NOTE: The term accuracy, when applied to a set of test results, involves a combination of random components and a common systematic error or bias component. EOT; list_termS('Accuracy',$col1b,$id_iso.' 3534-1'); $col1b = <<To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_termS('Applicability','To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_alpha('B'); // ************* $col1b = << NOTE: Bias is the total systematic error as contrasted to random error. There may be one or more systematic error components contributing to the bias. A larger systematic difference from the accepted reference value is reflected by a larger bias value EOT; list_termS('Bias',$col1b,$id_iso.' 3534-1'); $col1b = <<To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_alpha('C'); // ************* $col1b = <<(2)'); $col1b = <<after a competitive expertise/capacity selection process. Guiding principles for selection should be the cost-efficient use of existing and potential capacities in the member countries and avoidance of duplication of work and capacities. EOT; list_termS('European Topic Centre',$col1b,$id_eea.' (1)'); $col1b = <<Community Reference Laboratory (CRL)',$col1b,'Food area (6)'); $col1b = <<(2)'); $col1b = <<

the exchange of information about research initiatives, monitoring programmes and analytical needs for emerging environmental pollutants

the dissemination of information in their own countries regarding NORMAN activities.

EOT; list_termP('Contact Point',$col1b,$col1c,'','','NORMAN project'); $col1b = <<To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_termS('Criteria','General definition: a descriptive factor / a measure','Literature'); list_termS('Criteria of accreditation','Internationally recognised requirements as described in '.$id_iso.' 17025',$id_west); $col1b = <<

Recognised experience in the field of emerging substances demonstrated via scientific publications or a related national / international institutional role;

Expertise in at least one of the following sectors of activity:

research on emerging substances (chemical analyses and/or bio-monitoring using bio-assays and biomarkers, etc.)
risk assessment
monitoring of emerging pollutants
participation in national / international projects / work programmes dealing with emerging substances.

EOT; $col1d = <<

Support the NORMAN network in creating links to the key research centres, reference laboratories, institutions, etc. and providing first-contact information about the on-going research activities, projects, monitoring programmes and other initiatives relating to emerging substances

Help to disseminate information about NORMAN reports, workshops and activities to relevant institutions / organisations.

EOT; list_termP('Criteria for Contact Points',$col1b,$col1c,$col1d,$col1e,'Norman project'); $col1c = <<

Demonstration by the lab of the performance of a method in the concentration range of interest

Limit of quantification (1/5 of the concentration level of interest)

Regular blank control and spiking experiments or analysis of control sample (if available certified reference material)

Successful participation of inter-laboratory studies (relevant matrixes)

Accreditation ({$id_iso} 17025) to ensure the application of analytical quality assurance

EOT; list_termP('Criteria for analytical laboratory','',$col1c,'','','Commission directive 2002/69/EC (food)'); $col1c = <<

Activities in the policy area:

Participation in European Working Groups (policy development and implementation)

Activities in the standardisation area:

Participation in CEN, {$id_iso} working groups/ technical committees
Participation in accreditation and/or certification working groups

Activities in the research area:

Publications (number and citation by other publications, participation in national / international research projects, participation and communication in internationally recognised congress (posters, presentations…)

Activities in the public domain:

Technical support to public authorities

EOT; list_termP('Criteria for expert laboratory','',$col1c,'','',$id_brgm); /* ???? Vérifier si le second "publications est décalé */ $col1c = <<

Activities in the research area

Publications (number and citation by other publications, participation in national / international research projects, participation and communication in internationally recognised congress (posters, presentations…)
Publications (prime journals), participation in national / international research projects. Number of citations by other publications.

Activities in the public domain:

Technical support to public authorities

EOT; list_termP('Criteria for research laboratory','',$col1c,'','',$id_brgm.' / '.$id_ukea); $col1c = <<

capable of interacting with research labs

capable of interacting with organisations and institutional bodies in charge of QA/QC systems

capable of interacting with standardisation bodies

capable of interacting with routine analysis laboratories.

EOT; $col1e = <<

developing, validating and testing methods and protocols dealing with sampling, transport, storage, preparation of samples, in situ measurements and laboratory analyses (with particular emphasis on the validation of chemical and biological methods necessary for obtaining reliable and comparable data for the determination of emerging substances)

providing technical support to the laboratories for the implementation of these methods (in terms of QA/QC procedures) via the development of books /guidelines / manuals, and / or the organisation of national working groups

providing technical support to competent authorities for the definition of the performance targets to be achieved by the monitoring labs which are authorised to apply these methods (and the evidence to be provided for the demonstration of the achievement of these targets)

auditing of monitoring labs (at the request of the competent authorities)

organising PT exercises for routine laboratories at national level and being a reference point for routine labs in its particular country in order to inform and encourage them to take part in inter-laboratory tests available at the national or EU level

taking part in the activities (technical committees) of standardisation bodies, accreditation and certification bodies at national and/or European / international level

running a scientific and technological watch (observatory) in order to advise authorities and anticipate research needs regarding emerging pollutants and new methods

being involved in research programmes and ensuring, through its participation in these programmes, the transfer and added value of the research findings

EOT; list_termP('Criteria for national reference laboratory','Competencies:',$col1c,'Missions:',$col1e,$id_brgm.' (Norman project)'); list_alpha('D'); // ************* $col1b = << Def2 : {$id_loos},{$id_hanke}, {$id_lepom} EOT; list_termS('Emerging pollutants ',$col1b,'Norman project'); $col1b = << ',$col1b,'Norman project'); $col1b = << Could be academic centre, university, research institute, private or public organisation. EOT; list_termS('Expert laboratory',$col1b,$id_brgm); list_alpha('F'); // ************* $col1b = <<(1)'); list_alpha('I'); // ************* list_termS('Indicator (Environmental Indicator)','A concise measure of cumulative effects and ecosystem vulnerability.',$id_epa); list_termS('Interference','To be defined (sub project validation)'); $col1b = <<(5)'); list_termS('Internal Standard','To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_alpha('L'); // ************* $col1b = << NOTE: The linear range is by inference the range of analyte concentrations over which the method gives test results proportional to the concentration of the analyte EOT; list_termS('Linearity',$col1b,$id_aoac.'-'.$id_pvmc); $col1b = <<To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_termS('Matrix effect','To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_termS('Measurand','Quantity intended to be measured','VIM 2004'); list_termS('Measurement','Process of experimentally obtaining information about the magnitude of a quantity','VIM 2004'); $col1b = <<(1)'); list_termS('Method, Test method','To be defined (sub project validation)'); $col1b = <<

surveillance monitoring aimed at assessing long-term water quality changes and providing baseline data on river basins allowing the design and implementation of other types of monitoring,

operational monitoring aimed at providing additional and essential data on water bodies at risk or failing environmental objectives of the WFD, and finally

investigative monitoring aimed at assessing causes of such failure when they are unknown

EOT; list_termP('Monitoring (under WFD)',$col1b,$col1c,'','','WFD'); // N.B. italigue ==> MSIE déplacement du trait vertical $largeurtable = ($interface == 800) ? 420 : 620; if (isset($largeur)) { if ($largeur == 'portrait') $largeurtable = '400'; if ($largeur == 'landscape') $largeurtable = '600'; } $col1c = <<

Term / NORMAN Definition	Source/field
$char	Top
{$col1a} EOT; if ($col1b != '')echo <<{$col1b} EOT; if ($col2 == '') $col2=' '; echo <<	$col2
{$col1a} EOT; if ($col1b != '')echo <<{$col1b} EOT; if ($col1c != '')echo <<{$col1d} EOT; if ($col1e != '') { echo <<	$col2
Bio-monitoring is the use of biological responses to assess changes in the environment which are generally due to anthropogenic influences. Organisms or sub-organisms are usually used as indicators; they give complete information about the smallest changes in the environmental conditions in specific environments

EOT; list_termP('Monitoring (Bio-monitoring)','',$col1c,'','','Metropolis (3)'); $col1b = <<(1)'); list_alpha('N'); // ************* list_termS('Negative Control','To be defined (sub project validation)'); list_alpha('O'); // ************* /* ???? change quantitation -> quantification à faire ??? */ $col1b = << NOTE: {$id_iso} 5725-2 specifies the statistical tests and the significance level to be used to identify outliers in trueness and precision experiments EOT; list_termS('Outlier',$col1b,$id_iso.' 5725-1'); list_alpha('P'); // ************* $col1b = <<To be defined (sub project validation)'); /* ???? vérifier independent ou independant ? */ $col1b = << NOTES:
Precision depends only on the distribution of random errors and does not relate to the true value or the specified value. The measure of precision is usually expressed in terms of imprecision and computed as a standard deviation of the test results. Less precision is reflected by a larger standard deviation.
"independent test results" means results obtained in a manner not influenced by any previous result on the same or similar test object. Quantitative measures of precision depend critically on the stipulated conditions. Repeatability and reproducibility conditions are particular sets of extreme conditions. EOT; list_termS('Precision',$col1b,$id_iso.' 3534-1'); $col1b = <<(2)'); list_alpha('Q'); // ************* $col1b = <<(4)'); list_termS('Quality control','A planned system of activities designed to provide a quality product.',$id_aoac.' (4)'); list_termS('Quantity','Property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, to which a magnitude can be assigned','VIM 2004'); list_termS('Quantity values','Magnitude of a quantity represented by a number and a reference','VIM 2004'); list_alpha('R'); // ************* $col1b = <<(5)'); $col1b = <<(1)'); $col1b = <<

being directly involved in research programmes

provide technical support to public bodies as regards the implementation of national and EU legislation by:

Implementing a quality system in the laboratory
Improving measurement systems (instruments, laboratories, networks)
Ensuring the traceability of the measurements at national level, by providing/certifying reference materials to networks, organising PT schemes, etc.
Participating in EU QA/QC programmes
Exchanging information through the organisation of training sessions, workshops and conferences.

EOT; list_termP('National Reference laboratories',$col1b,$col1c,'','',$id_ineris.' / '.$id_brgm.'
(Norman project)'); $col1b = << Could be academic centre, university, research institute, private or public organisation. EOT; list_termS('Research laboratory',$col1b,$id_brgm); $col1b = <<(5)'); $col1b = << This definition, whist broad in its approach, enables a wide range of laboratories to be included in the proposed network. EOT; list_termS('Routine analysis laboratory',$col1b,$id_west); list_alpha('S'); // ************* $col1b = <<(5)'); list_termS('Sample — Laboratory Sample','Primary sample material delivered to the laboratory',$id_swift.' VG (5)'); $col1b = <<(5)'); list_termS('Sample — Test portion','The portion of the laboratory sample taken for analysis or testing',$id_swift.' VG (5)'); $col1b = <<(5)'); /* ????? derivatisation */ $col1b = <<(5)'); $col1b = <<(5)'); list_termS('Sensitivity','The change in the response of a measurand divided by the corresponding change in the stimulus',$id_aoac.'-'.$id_pvmc); list_termS('Specificity','The ability of a method to measure only what it is intended to measure',$id_aoac.'-'.$id_pvmc); list_termS('Stability','Ability of a measuring system to maintain its metrological characteristics constant with time','VIM (2)'); $col1b = <<(2)'); list_alpha('T'); // ************* list_termS('Test laboratory','See routine analysis laboratory',$id_brgm); list_termS('Toxicity','The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or animals.',$id_epa); $col1b = << NOTE: The standards referred to here are measurement standards rather than written standards EOT; list_termS('Tracability',$col1b,$id_isoiec.' Guide 30 – 1992'); $col1b = << NOTE: The measure of trueness is usually expressed in terms of bias. EOT; list_termS('Trueness',$col1b,$id_iso.' 3534-1'); list_alpha('U'); // ************* list_termS('Uncertainty of measurement','See Measurement uncertainty'); list_alpha('V'); // ************* $col1b = <<(2)'); list_alpha('W'); // ************* $col1b = <<(5)'); ?>

(1) multilingual environmental glossary
(2) International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM) draft 2004 3^rd edition
(3) Metropolis (ref. “Recommendations and needs for methods validation in bio-monitoring, as an outcome of the evaluation of the database content” – V. Péronnet, K-W. Schramm- June 2004)
(4) Association of Official Analytical Chemists
(5) EU funded R&D project
(6) LIST OF CRLS AVAILABLE ON http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/biosafety/laboratories/bio_risks_en.htm

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